Language: Visual index

This page can help you find syntax elements when you can’t remember their names.

file {'ntp.conf':
  path    => '/etc/ntp.conf',
  ensure  => file,
  content => template('ntp/ntp.conf'),
  owner   => 'root',
  mode    => '0644',
}

↑ A resource declaration.

package {'ntp':
  ensure => installed,
  before => File['ntp.conf'],
}
service {'ntpd':
  ensure    => running,
  subscribe => File['ntp.conf'],
}

↑ Two resources using the before and subscribe relationship metaparameters (which accept resource references).

Package['ntp'] -> File['ntp.conf'] ~> Service['ntpd']

Chaining arrows forming relationships between three resources, using resource references.

$package_list = ['ntp', 'apache2', 'vim-nox', 'wget']

↑ A variable being assigned an array value.

$myhash = { key => { subkey => 'b' }}

↑ A variable being assigned a hash value.

...
content => "Managed by puppet master version ${serverversion}"

↑ A master-provided built-in variable being interpolated into a double-quoted string (with optional curly braces).

class ntp {
  package {'ntp':
    ...
  }
  ...
}

↑ A class definition, which makes a class avaliable for later use.

include ntp
require ntp
class {'ntp':}

Declaring a class in three different ways: with the include function, with the require function, and with the resource-like syntax. Declaring a class causes the resources in it to be managed.

define apache::vhost ($port, $docroot, $servername = $title, $vhost_name = '*') {
  include apache
  include apache::params
  $vhost_dir = $apache::params::vhost_dir
  file { "${vhost_dir}/${servername}.conf":
      content => template('apache/vhost-default.conf.erb'),
      owner   => 'www',
      group   => 'www',
      mode    => '644',
      require => Package['httpd'],
      notify  => Service['httpd'],
  }
}

↑ A defined type, which makes a new resource type available. Note that the name of that resource type has two namespace segments.

apache::vhost {'homepages':
  port    => 8081,
  docroot => '/var/www-testhost',
}

Declaring an instance of the resource type defined above.

Apache::Vhost['homepages']

↑ A resource reference to the defined resource declared above. Note that every namespace segment must be capitalized.

node 'www1.example.com' {
  include common
  include apache
  include squid
}

↑ A node definition.

node /^www\d+$/ {
  include common
}

↑ A regular expression node definition.

# comment
/* comment */

↑ Two comments.

if $is_virtual {
  warning( 'Tried to include class ntp on virtual machine; this node might be misclassified.' )
}
elsif $operatingsystem == 'Darwin' {
  warning( 'This NTP module does not yet work on our Mac laptops.' )
else {
  include ntp
}

↑ An if statement, whose conditions are expressions that use agent-provided facts.

if $hostname =~ /^www(\d+)\./ {
  notify { "Welcome web server #$1": }
}

↑ An if statement using a regular expression and the regex match operator.

if 'www' in $hostname {
  ...
}

↑ An if statement using an in expression

case $operatingsystem {
  'Solaris':          { include role::solaris }
  'RedHat', 'CentOS': { include role::redhat  }
  /^(Debian|Ubuntu)$/:{ include role::debian  }
  default:            { include role::generic }
}

↑ A case statement.

$rootgroup = $osfamily ? {
    'Solaris'          => 'wheel',
    /(Darwin|FreeBSD)/ => 'wheel',
    default            => 'root',
}

↑ A selector statement being used to set the value of the $rootgroup variable.

User <| groups == 'admin' |>

↑ A resource collector, sometimes called the “spaceship operator.”

Concat::Fragment <<| tag == "bacula-storage-dir-${bacula_director}" |>>

↑ An exported resource collector, which works with exported resources

Exec {
  path        => '/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin',
  environment => 'RUBYLIB=/opt/puppetlabs/puppet/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.1.0/',
  logoutput   => true,
  timeout     => 180,
}

↑ A resource default for the exec resource type.

Exec['update_migrations'] {
  environment => 'RUBYLIB=/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/',
}

↑ A resource override, which will only work in an inherited class.

Exec <| title == 'update_migrations' |> {
  environment => 'RUBYLIB=/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/',
}

↑ A resource override using a collector, which will work anywhere. Dangerous, but very useful in rare cases.

@user {'deploy':
  uid     => 2004,
  comment => 'Deployment User',
  group   => www-data,
  groups  => ["enterprise"],
  tag     => [deploy, web],
}

↑ A virtual resource.

@@nagios_service { "check_zfs${hostname}":
  use                 => 'generic-service',
  host_name           => "$fqdn",
  check_command       => 'check_nrpe_1arg!check_zfs',
  service_description => "check_zfs${hostname}",
  target              => '/etc/nagios3/conf.d/nagios_service.cfg',
  notify              => Service[$nagios::params::nagios_service],
}

↑ An exported resource declaration.